![]() What is the normal structure of an immunoglobulin (antibody)?.Videos explained by Myeloma specialists about this topic: The types of monoclonal proteins are defined by these parts, although sometimes the heavy chain might be missing. This abnormal protein is known by several different names, including monoclonal immunoglobulin, M protein, M spike, and paraprotein.Īntibodies are made up of two parts: heavy chains and light chains. Then, another test, such as immunofixation or immunoelectrophoresis, is used to determine the exact type of abnormal antibody (IgG or some other type). Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is a test used to find any abnormal immunoglobulin. This is called a monoclonal protein (also called M-protein or M-spike). In myeloma, one of these antibodies grows out of control in the bone marrow, crowding out the other antibodies and other components of the immune system, making too much of one type and reducing the ability for your body to create a broad spectrum of immunoglobulins to fight infections. Plasma cells come from the bone marrow and produce antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) that fight a wide variety of infections. Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer of white blood cells called plasma cells. Morie Gertz of the Mayo Clinic (Rochester) explains the mSMART in HealthTree University. Rafael Fonseca, M.D., Mayo Clinic Cancer Center interim director, hematologist, and multiple myeloma specialist has called the advent of mSMART a staple of Mayo Clinic's engagement with those who treat multiple myeloma and a reference in the myeloma community. The guidelines were explicitly written to be clear, simple, and easy to use. MSMART was designed for physicians external to Mayo. t(11 14) may be associated with plasma cell leukemia.Genetic abnormalities by FISH or equivalent method.The presence of any two high-risk genetic abnormalities is considered double‐hit myeloma three or more high-risk ganetic abnormalities are triple‐hit myeloma. Mayo clinic risk stratification for multiple myeloma (mSMART)ĭel(17p), t(4 14), t(14 16), t(14 20), Gain 1q, p53 mutation, R-ISS Stage III, High-risk signature by GEP, or High Plasma Cell S-phase. ![]()
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